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Research Article


A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs

Guillaume Fabien Dutil, Philippe Berny.


Abstract
Background:
Metaldehyde poisoning in dogs is weel known and described issue. Several studies focused on the incidence, epidemiological features and clinical and pathological findings associated with this intoxication. However, there are no prospective studies of metaldehyde poisoning and late-onset seizures.
Aims:
To prospectively describe clinical signs, therapeutic management, outcomes, and delayed-onset seizures due to metaldehyde poisoning in dogs.
Methods:
A 15-month prospective study on dogs with a diagnosis of metaldehyde poisoning, either via phone call to the animal poison control centre or analysis at the toxicology laboratory in Lyon, France. Clinical signs, therapeutic management and outcomes and the late onset of seizures were assessed for at least 3 years.
Results:
Twenty-six dogs were enrolled in the study. The most prevalent clinical signs were ataxia (18 dogs), convulsions (17), hypersalivation (15), and tremors (15). Treatment was symptomatic (e.g., activated charcoal, emetic therapy, and IV fluids) with anticonvulsant therapy (mainly diazepam). The overall survival rate was 81% (21/26 dogs). All dogs that received active charcoal (11/11) or emetic therapy (4/4) survived. Twelve of 17 dogs had convulsions and survived; 9 were followed up for at least 3 years after poisoning, and none had any other seizure episode or neurological sequelae.
Conclusion:
This prospective study describes clinical signs, therapeutic management and outcome of metaldehyde poisoning in dogs and late onset neurologic sequelae. None of the 9 cases that were followed for 3 years developed neurological signs after metaldehyde poisoning. Therefore, long-term antiepileptic therapy is not indicated.

Key words: Metaldehyde poisoning, Neurologic sequelae, Delayed-onset seizures, Reactive seizures, Canine


 
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Pubmed Style

Dutil GF, Berny P. A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs. Open Vet J. 2023; 13(5): 510-514. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2


Web Style

Dutil GF, Berny P. A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=55612 [Access: March 13, 2024]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Dutil GF, Berny P. A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs. Open Vet J. 2023; 13(5): 510-514. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Dutil GF, Berny P. A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs. Open Vet J. (2023), [cited March 13, 2024]; 13(5): 510-514. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2



Harvard Style

Dutil, G. F. & Berny, . P. (2023) A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs. Open Vet J, 13 (5), 510-514. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2



Turabian Style

Dutil, Guillaume Fabien, and Philippe Berny. 2023. A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs. Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (5), 510-514. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2



Chicago Style

Dutil, Guillaume Fabien, and Philippe Berny. "A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs." Open Veterinary Journal 13 (2023), 510-514. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Dutil, Guillaume Fabien, and Philippe Berny. "A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs." Open Veterinary Journal 13.5 (2023), 510-514. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Dutil, G. F. & Berny, . P. (2023) A prospective study on clinical signs, management, outcomes, and delayed neurologic sequelae due to metaldehyde poisoning in 26 dogs. Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (5), 510-514. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.2