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2026, Vol: 16, Issue: 3
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Review Article


A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali.


Abstract
Disposal of animal carcasses is an environmental and health challenge, especially when it concerns biological security in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. This study provides a comprehensive review of traditional and modern carcass disposal methods and proposes an integrated operational framework designed according to the climatic, environmental, and infrastructural conditions of the Arabian Gulf region, in addition to a proposed pet cemetery. The environmental risks associated with indiscriminate disposal, groundwater contamination, the persistence of pathogens, and antibiotic resistance are reviewed based on published evidence. A practical design for the center, staff requirements, cost estimation, and operational workflow are also provided to support implementation at the governorate level. The study offers a scalable and cost-effective solution with overall biosecurity. This framework can serve as a regional reference model for GCC policymakers

Key words: Animal carcass disposal; Biosecurity; Environmental impact; GCC countries; Waste management.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali. A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(3): 1451-1457. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4

Web Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali. A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=302979 [Access: March 31, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali. A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(3): 1451-1457. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali. A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited March 31, 2026]; 16(3): 1451-1457. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4


Harvard Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali (2026) A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries. Open Vet. J., 16 (3), 1451-1457. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4


Turabian Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali. 2026. A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3), 1451-1457. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4


Chicago Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali. "A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 1451-1457. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali. "A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries." Open Veterinary Journal 16.3 (2026), 1451-1457. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Khalifah Khalaf Khatam Ali (2026) A comprehensive review and proposed operational framework for animal carcass disposal in GCC Countries. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3), 1451-1457. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.4


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