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2024, Vol: 14, Issue: 3
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Original Article


Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser.


Cited By:7

Abstract
In this study we aimed to examine wild European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in rescue centres and determine ocular abnormalities in this animal population. 300 animals varying in age from 2 months to 5 years were examined, 147 being male and 153 female. All animals were evaluated with direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp biomicroscopy in animals where lesions were detected. Tonometry using the Tonovet rebound tonometer was undertaken in selected animals as was assessment of tear production using the Schirmer tear test. 4 animals were affected by orbital infection, 3 were anophthalmic, 2 unilaterally and one bilaterally, 3 by conjunctivitis, 3 by non-ulcerative keratitis and 4 by uveitis with corneal oedema. 57 animals affected by cataract, 54 with bilateral nuclear lens opacities. 26 of these animals were young animals considered too small to hibernate. This report documents the first prospective study of ocular disease in the European hedgehog. The predominant finding was bilateral nuclear cataract seen particularly in young poorly growing animals. Investigation into the potential causation of cataracts by poor nutrition or poor feeding ability by lens opacification requires further study.

Key words: Hedgehog eye abnormality cataract conservation rehabilitation


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser. Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.. Open Vet J. 2017; 7(3): 261-267. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10

Web Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser. Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=266949 [Access: April 22, 2024]. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser. Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.. Open Vet J. 2017; 7(3): 261-267. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser. Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.. Open Vet J. (2017), [cited April 22, 2024]; 7(3): 261-267. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10


Harvard Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser (2017) Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.. Open Vet J, 7 (3), 261-267. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10


Turabian Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser. 2017. Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.. Open Veterinary Journal, 7 (3), 261-267. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10


Chicago Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser. "Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.." Open Veterinary Journal 7 (2017), 261-267. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser. "Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.." Open Veterinary Journal 7.3 (2017), 261-267. Print. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

David Leonard Williams, Nina Adeyeye, Erni Visser (2017) Ophthalmological abnormalities in wild European hedgehogs; Erinaceus europaeus: a survey of 300 animals.. Open Veterinary Journal, 7 (3), 261-267. doi:10.4314/ovj.v7i3.10


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