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Research Article 


Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications

Nungki Hapsari Suryaningtyas, Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo, Beni Ernawan, Hadian Iman Sasmita, Sunaryo Sunaryo, Tri Ramadhani, Supriyono Supriyono, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito.


Abstract
Background: Culex quinquefasciatus is a major vector of filariasis and other mosquito-borne diseases. The sterile insect technique (SIT) has been widely used to suppress mosquito populations, but its effectiveness depends on the dispersal, survival, and competitiveness of sterile males.
Aim: This study evaluated the dispersal range, survival rate, and recapture success of gamma-irradiated Cx. quinquefasciatus under field conditions.
Methods: A mark-release-recapture (MRR) experiment was conducted using sterile male and female Cx. quinquefasciatus. Two release events were conducted, and recapture data were collected over seven days using BG-Sentinel-2 traps baited with octanol placed within a 250-m radius.
Results: The irradiated males traveled an average of 143.18 m (FR50: 92.78 m; FR90: 220.02 m), and the females dispersed 146.26 m (FR50: 95.26 m; FR90: 227.25 m). Dispersal distance was significantly influenced by release site in males (p = 0.0089) and females (p = 0.0042) but not by recapture day (p > 0.89). Recapture location significantly affected dispersal in both sexes (p < 0.0001). The daily survival probabilities of males and females were 0.88 and 0.69, respectively, with corresponding life expectancies of 7.57 and 2.71 days.
Conclusion: The dispersal and survival of sterile Cx. quinquefasciatus are affected by release strategies. To optimize SIT, further studies should refine the marking techniques, explore a combination of trapping methods, and evaluate the dispersal patterns across varied landscapes. These findings offer valuable insights into improving the implementation of SIT for Cx. quinquefasciatus population control.

Key words: Culex quinquefasciatus, sterile insect technique, mark-release-recapture, dispersal, survival, vector control.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Suryaningtyas NH, Nurcahyo RW, Ernawan B, Sasmita HI, Sunaryo S, Ramadhani T, Supriyono S, Garjito TA. Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Open Vet J. 2025; 15(7): 3054-3062. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16

Web Style

Suryaningtyas NH, Nurcahyo RW, Ernawan B, Sasmita HI, Sunaryo S, Ramadhani T, Supriyono S, Garjito TA. Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=249589 [Access: August 03, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Suryaningtyas NH, Nurcahyo RW, Ernawan B, Sasmita HI, Sunaryo S, Ramadhani T, Supriyono S, Garjito TA. Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Open Vet J. 2025; 15(7): 3054-3062. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Suryaningtyas NH, Nurcahyo RW, Ernawan B, Sasmita HI, Sunaryo S, Ramadhani T, Supriyono S, Garjito TA. Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Open Vet J. (2025), [cited August 03, 2025]; 15(7): 3054-3062. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16


Harvard Style

Suryaningtyas, N. H., Nurcahyo, . R. W., Ernawan, . B., Sasmita, . H. I., Sunaryo, . S., Ramadhani, . T., Supriyono, . S. & Garjito, . T. A. (2025) Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Open Vet J, 15 (7), 3054-3062. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16


Turabian Style

Suryaningtyas, Nungki Hapsari, Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo, Beni Ernawan, Hadian Iman Sasmita, Sunaryo Sunaryo, Tri Ramadhani, Supriyono Supriyono, and Triwibowo Ambar Garjito. 2025. Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (7), 3054-3062. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16


Chicago Style

Suryaningtyas, Nungki Hapsari, Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo, Beni Ernawan, Hadian Iman Sasmita, Sunaryo Sunaryo, Tri Ramadhani, Supriyono Supriyono, and Triwibowo Ambar Garjito. "Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications." Open Veterinary Journal 15 (2025), 3054-3062. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Suryaningtyas, Nungki Hapsari, Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo, Beni Ernawan, Hadian Iman Sasmita, Sunaryo Sunaryo, Tri Ramadhani, Supriyono Supriyono, and Triwibowo Ambar Garjito. "Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications." Open Veterinary Journal 15.7 (2025), 3054-3062. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Suryaningtyas, N. H., Nurcahyo, . R. W., Ernawan, . B., Sasmita, . H. I., Sunaryo, . S., Ramadhani, . T., Supriyono, . S. & Garjito, . T. A. (2025) Dispersal and Survival of Gamma-Irradiated Culex quinquefasciatus: Implications for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (7), 3054-3062. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.16


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