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Research Article


Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure

Melinda Angelin, Siti Thomas Zulaikhah, Prasetyowati Subchan, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Mustofa Helmi Effendi, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Melda Angelin, Budiastuti Budiastuti, Dian Ayu Permatasari, Bima Putra Pratama, Saifur Rehman, Ainun Ganisia.


Abstract
Background:
Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) light plays a key role in photoaging through increased oxidative stress, activation of inflammatory pathways, and increased expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), which causes dermal collagen degradation. Young coconut water contains various bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity that have the potential to protect the skin from UVB-induced damage.

Aim:
This study aimed to analyze the effect of oral administration of young coconut water on MMP-1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light.

Methods:
A purely experimental study with a post-test only control group design was conducted on 24 male Wistar rats divided into four groups: healthy controls (K1), UVB exposure (K2), UVB + young coconut water 4 mL/200 g BW/day (K3), and UVB + young coconut water 8 mL/200 g BW/day (K4). UVB exposure was given for 15 days at a cumulative dose of 800 mJ/cm². MMP-1 levels were measured using an ELISA method, while collagen fiber thickness was analyzed using Masson's Trichrome staining.

Results:
UVB exposure significantly increased MMP-1 levels and decreased collagen fiber thickness (p = 0.001). Oral administration of young coconut water significantly reduced MMP-1 levels and increased collagen fiber thickness compared to the untreated UVB group, with the most optimal effect at a dose of 4 mL/200 g body weight/day.

Conclusion:
Young coconut water has potential as a natural antioxidant agent that can inhibit the increase in MMP-1 and maintain collagen fiber thickness in the skin caused by UVB exposure, thus potentially being used in the prevention of photoaging.

Key words: Young coconut water; UVB; MMP-1; Collagen; Photoaging.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Angelin M, Zulaikhah ST, Subchan P, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH, Hestianah EP, Angelin M, Budiastuti B, Permatasari DA, Pratama BP, Rehman S, Ganisia A. Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(3): 1868-1876. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42

Web Style

Angelin M, Zulaikhah ST, Subchan P, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH, Hestianah EP, Angelin M, Budiastuti B, Permatasari DA, Pratama BP, Rehman S, Ganisia A. Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=306671 [Access: March 31, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Angelin M, Zulaikhah ST, Subchan P, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH, Hestianah EP, Angelin M, Budiastuti B, Permatasari DA, Pratama BP, Rehman S, Ganisia A. Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(3): 1868-1876. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Angelin M, Zulaikhah ST, Subchan P, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH, Hestianah EP, Angelin M, Budiastuti B, Permatasari DA, Pratama BP, Rehman S, Ganisia A. Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited March 31, 2026]; 16(3): 1868-1876. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42


Harvard Style

Angelin, M., Zulaikhah, . S. T., Subchan, . P., Khairullah, . A. R., Effendi, . M. H., Hestianah, . E. P., Angelin, . M., Budiastuti, . B., Permatasari, . D. A., Pratama, . B. P., Rehman, . S. & Ganisia, . A. (2026) Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure. Open Vet. J., 16 (3), 1868-1876. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42


Turabian Style

Angelin, Melinda, Siti Thomas Zulaikhah, Prasetyowati Subchan, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Mustofa Helmi Effendi, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Melda Angelin, Budiastuti Budiastuti, Dian Ayu Permatasari, Bima Putra Pratama, Saifur Rehman, and Ainun Ganisia. 2026. Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3), 1868-1876. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42


Chicago Style

Angelin, Melinda, Siti Thomas Zulaikhah, Prasetyowati Subchan, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Mustofa Helmi Effendi, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Melda Angelin, Budiastuti Budiastuti, Dian Ayu Permatasari, Bima Putra Pratama, Saifur Rehman, and Ainun Ganisia. "Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 1868-1876. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Angelin, Melinda, Siti Thomas Zulaikhah, Prasetyowati Subchan, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Mustofa Helmi Effendi, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Melda Angelin, Budiastuti Budiastuti, Dian Ayu Permatasari, Bima Putra Pratama, Saifur Rehman, and Ainun Ganisia. "Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure." Open Veterinary Journal 16.3 (2026), 1868-1876. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Angelin, M., Zulaikhah, . S. T., Subchan, . P., Khairullah, . A. R., Effendi, . M. H., Hestianah, . E. P., Angelin, . M., Budiastuti, . B., Permatasari, . D. A., Pratama, . B. P., Rehman, . S. & Ganisia, . A. (2026) Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP -1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3), 1868-1876. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.42


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