Abstract
Background:
Although ashwagandha, or Withania somnifera, is used as a broad-spectrum treatment to treat a wide range of illnesses, including reproductive issues, and to improve fertility, it is also considered a potent adaptogen and anti-stressor that may assist improve physical performance.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of two doses of ashwagandha on physiological parameters and reproductive parameters in Awassi sheep in Iraq.

Methods:
Thirty Awassi ewes were randomly assigned to three groups (10 each): a control (placebo), 300 mg/day ashwagandha, and 600 mg/day ashwagandha, for 60 days. Physiological (hepcidin, growth hormone, insulin, TSH, T3, T4) and reproductive (estrogen, progesterone, FSH, LH) parameters were measured on days 0, 30, and 60, while body weights were recorded weekly.

Results:
The experimental data demonstrated that both experimental groups showed increased growth hormone levels along with decreased hepcidin and Insulin levels, thyroid hormone levels (T3 and T4) increased significantly (P<0.05) in both experimental groups after ashwagandha administration compared to the control group. Both experimental groups demonstrated significantly elevated levels of estrogen, progesterone and FSH compared to the control group. The study demonstrates that ashwagandha supplementation improves physiological and reproductive functions in Awassi sheep which can help boost performance in Awassi Iraq's sheep breed.

Conclusion:
Ashwagandha supplementation enhanced Awassi sheep’s metabolic and reproductive performance. It lowered insulin and hepcidin, increased growth hormone and thyroid hormones, and elevated estrogen, progesterone, and FSH, indicating improved metabolism and reproductive function.

Key words: Ashwagandha; Awassi sheep; Physiological traits; Reproductive capabilities.