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Research Article


Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Hasbi Hasbi, Sri Gustina, Erni Damayanti, Muhammad Misbah Ahmad Ruhani, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin, Siti Nuraisya Hamsir, Andi Besse Kalsum, Salvinar Wianda Nur, Afra Fauziyyah Hasronurso.


Abstract
Background:
Indigenous horses in South Sulawesi are valuable genetic resources with important socioeconomic roles and notable adaptation to tropical heat, which is increasingly relevant under thermal stress induced by climate change.

Aim:
This study aimed to provide preliminary findings on the hematological profile and heat tolerance of indigenous horses reared in South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Methods:
The observed variables included microclimatic conditions, physiological parameters, heat tolerance index (HTI), and hematological profiles. This experiment was conducted using a cross-sectional observational design with 3 regional treatments and 5 replicates per treatment. The hematological parameters were analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer (Prokan PE-6100 Vet).

Results:
Most hematological parameters did not differ significantly among regions. However, hematocrit (HCT) values were significantly lower (P<0.05) in horses from Jeneponto Regency compared to those from the Makassar City (33.52±6.14% vs 42.62±4.75%), although no significant difference was observed between the Jeneponto and Takalar Regencies (33.52±6.14% vs 39.36±3.88%). Despite variations in microclimatic conditions, all measured hematological values for equines raised in tropical environments remained within the normal physiological range.

Conclusion:
The hematological profile of indigenous horses from South Sulawesi was generally similar across locations, except for a higher HCT in horses from Makassar compared to Jeneponto, but not in those from Takalar. RBC, MCV, and WBC values were within normal ranges, whereas HGB, MCH, MCHC, and HCT in horses from Jeneponto were lower, indicating the possibility of anemia. Additionally, horses from Jeneponto and Makassar tended to show better heat tolerance than those from Takalar. However, further studies involving a larger population are needed to confirm this.

Key words: Heat Stress Tolerance; Hematological Profile; Indigenous Horses; Physiological Adaptation; Tropical Climate.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Hasbi H, Gustina S, Damayanti E, Ruhani MMA, Kaiin EM, Hamsir SN, Kalsum AB, Nur SW, Hasronurso AF. Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(9): 6117-6127. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19

Web Style

Hasbi H, Gustina S, Damayanti E, Ruhani MMA, Kaiin EM, Hamsir SN, Kalsum AB, Nur SW, Hasronurso AF. Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=311496 [Access: September 16, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hasbi H, Gustina S, Damayanti E, Ruhani MMA, Kaiin EM, Hamsir SN, Kalsum AB, Nur SW, Hasronurso AF. Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(9): 6117-6127. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hasbi H, Gustina S, Damayanti E, Ruhani MMA, Kaiin EM, Hamsir SN, Kalsum AB, Nur SW, Hasronurso AF. Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited September 16, 2026]; 16(9): 6117-6127. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19


Harvard Style

Hasbi, H., Gustina, . S., Damayanti, . E., Ruhani, . M. M. A., Kaiin, . E. M., Hamsir, . S. N., Kalsum, . A. B., Nur, . S. W. & Hasronurso, . A. F. (2026) Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Open Vet. J., 16 (9), 6117-6127. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19


Turabian Style

Hasbi, Hasbi, Sri Gustina, Erni Damayanti, Muhammad Misbah Ahmad Ruhani, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin, Siti Nuraisya Hamsir, Andi Besse Kalsum, Salvinar Wianda Nur, and Afra Fauziyyah Hasronurso. 2026. Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (9), 6117-6127. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19


Chicago Style

Hasbi, Hasbi, Sri Gustina, Erni Damayanti, Muhammad Misbah Ahmad Ruhani, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin, Siti Nuraisya Hamsir, Andi Besse Kalsum, Salvinar Wianda Nur, and Afra Fauziyyah Hasronurso. "Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 6117-6127. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hasbi, Hasbi, Sri Gustina, Erni Damayanti, Muhammad Misbah Ahmad Ruhani, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin, Siti Nuraisya Hamsir, Andi Besse Kalsum, Salvinar Wianda Nur, and Afra Fauziyyah Hasronurso. "Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Open Veterinary Journal 16.9 (2026), 6117-6127. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hasbi, H., Gustina, . S., Damayanti, . E., Ruhani, . M. M. A., Kaiin, . E. M., Hamsir, . S. N., Kalsum, . A. B., Nur, . S. W. & Hasronurso, . A. F. (2026) Heat stress tolerance and hematological signatures of indigenous horses in Tropical South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (9), 6117-6127. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.19


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