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2025, Vol: 15, Issue: 4
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Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs

H. Naddaf1, *, H. Najafzade Varzi2, S. Sabiza1 And H. Falah3.


Cited By:15

Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during and after laparotomy in dogs. Eight clinically healthy, adult male dogs, weighing 20 kg were used. All dogs were initially sedated by acepromazine. Thirty minutes later, ketamine plus xylazine was used to induce anesthesia. Surgical incision of laparotomy was done. After a 5 min manipulation of the abdominal organs, the incision was sutured. Vital signs including heart rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature (RT) were recorded at the times of -30: premedication, 0: induction and Surgical incision, 30: End of surgery, 60, 90 and 120 min. Blood was sampled at the above mentioned times and analyzed using a commercial ELISA kit for cortisol. A significant decreasing trend in RT was observed during the studied times. No significant changes were observed in heart rate and respiratory rate (p>0.05), except at the time of 60 respiratory rate significantly decreased when compared to the time of 90 (p=0.026) and 120 (p=0.041). A non-significant but increasing trend in plasma levels of cortisol was observed.

Key words: Anesthesia, Cortisol, Dog, Vital signs, Xylazine-ketamine.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Naddaf H, , Varzi HN, Falah SSAH. Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs. Open Vet J. 2014; 4(2): 85-89. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85

Web Style

Naddaf H, , Varzi HN, Falah SSAH. Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=302656831 [Access: May 08, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Naddaf H, , Varzi HN, Falah SSAH. Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs. Open Vet J. 2014; 4(2): 85-89. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Naddaf H, , Varzi HN, Falah SSAH. Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs. Open Vet J. (2014), [cited May 08, 2025]; 4(2): 85-89. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85


Harvard Style

Naddaf, H., , ., Varzi, . H. N. & Falah, . S. S. A. H. (2014) Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs. Open Vet J, 4 (2), 85-89. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85


Turabian Style

Naddaf, H., , H. Najafzade Varzi, and S. Sabiza And H. Falah. 2014. Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs. Open Veterinary Journal, 4 (2), 85-89. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85


Chicago Style

Naddaf, H., , H. Najafzade Varzi, and S. Sabiza And H. Falah. "Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs." Open Veterinary Journal 4 (2014), 85-89. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Naddaf, H., , H. Najafzade Varzi, and S. Sabiza And H. Falah. "Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs." Open Veterinary Journal 4.2 (2014), 85-89. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Naddaf, H., , ., Varzi, . H. N. & Falah, . S. S. A. H. (2014) Effects of xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on plasma levels of cortisol and vital signs during laparotomy in dogs. Open Veterinary Journal, 4 (2), 85-89. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2014.v4.i2.p85


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