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Research Article


Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle

Herdis Herdis, Langgeng Priyanto, Santoso Santoso, Fitra Aji Pamungkas, Rahma Isartina Anwar, Desiana Ade Mahari, Florentina Bety Indah Lupitasari, Nurul Azizah, Anita Hafid, Reski Amalia, Ligaya Ita Tumbelaka, Amrozi Amrozi, Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi.


Abstract
Background:
Delayed ovulation can have harmful effects on cattle reproduction, especially in countries that rely on artificial insemination, resulting in significant economic losses, as evidenced by Indonesia.

Aim:
This study provides novel insights into hormone dynamics and ovarian environment comparisons in DO and NO cows.

Methods:
Eight Ongole-crossbred cows with DO or NO over four estrous cycles were observed. Daily ultrasonography was used to monitor dominant follicle size and corpus luteum (CL), while estrus behavior and blood sampling were used to record peripheral reproductive hormone patterns from 2 days before to six days after estrus onset. Statistical comparisons between the DO and NO groups were performed using the SPSS 26 software, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results:
The results showed that DO cows had similar cycle durations but ovulated later than NO cows. Furthermore, DO cows had significantly smaller follicles (1.14±0.2 cm) in the pre-estrus phase, larger follicles at estrus onset, and a larger CL during pre-estrus that should have regressed. Elevated progesterone levels (2.09±0.34 ng/ml) before and after estrous treatment inhibited LH release, thereby delaying ovulation. DO cows exhibited lower LH levels and LH surges 2–4 days after onset of estrus, altering the ovarian environment and hindering oocyte maturation.

Conclusion:
Delayed ovulation in cows is associated with hormonal and ovarian changes that reduce fertility, highlighting the need for further research on progesterone and hypothalamic-pituitary regulation to develop targeted fertility improvement strategies.

Key words: Crossbred Ongole cows; Hormonal pattern; Prolonged estrus; Suprabasal progesterone.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Herdis H, Priyanto L, Santoso S, Pamungkas FA, Anwar RI, Mahari DA, Lupitasari FBI, Azizah N, Hafid A, Amalia R, Tumbelaka LI, Amrozi A, Sitaresmi PI. Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(3): 1716-1724. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29

Web Style

Herdis H, Priyanto L, Santoso S, Pamungkas FA, Anwar RI, Mahari DA, Lupitasari FBI, Azizah N, Hafid A, Amalia R, Tumbelaka LI, Amrozi A, Sitaresmi PI. Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=292210 [Access: March 31, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Herdis H, Priyanto L, Santoso S, Pamungkas FA, Anwar RI, Mahari DA, Lupitasari FBI, Azizah N, Hafid A, Amalia R, Tumbelaka LI, Amrozi A, Sitaresmi PI. Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(3): 1716-1724. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Herdis H, Priyanto L, Santoso S, Pamungkas FA, Anwar RI, Mahari DA, Lupitasari FBI, Azizah N, Hafid A, Amalia R, Tumbelaka LI, Amrozi A, Sitaresmi PI. Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited March 31, 2026]; 16(3): 1716-1724. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29


Harvard Style

Herdis, H., Priyanto, . L., Santoso, . S., Pamungkas, . F. A., Anwar, . R. I., Mahari, . D. A., Lupitasari, . F. B. I., Azizah, . N., Hafid, . A., Amalia, . R., Tumbelaka, . L. I., Amrozi, . A. & Sitaresmi, . P. I. (2026) Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle. Open Vet. J., 16 (3), 1716-1724. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29


Turabian Style

Herdis, Herdis, Langgeng Priyanto, Santoso Santoso, Fitra Aji Pamungkas, Rahma Isartina Anwar, Desiana Ade Mahari, Florentina Bety Indah Lupitasari, Nurul Azizah, Anita Hafid, Reski Amalia, Ligaya Ita Tumbelaka, Amrozi Amrozi, and Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi. 2026. Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3), 1716-1724. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29


Chicago Style

Herdis, Herdis, Langgeng Priyanto, Santoso Santoso, Fitra Aji Pamungkas, Rahma Isartina Anwar, Desiana Ade Mahari, Florentina Bety Indah Lupitasari, Nurul Azizah, Anita Hafid, Reski Amalia, Ligaya Ita Tumbelaka, Amrozi Amrozi, and Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi. "Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 1716-1724. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Herdis, Herdis, Langgeng Priyanto, Santoso Santoso, Fitra Aji Pamungkas, Rahma Isartina Anwar, Desiana Ade Mahari, Florentina Bety Indah Lupitasari, Nurul Azizah, Anita Hafid, Reski Amalia, Ligaya Ita Tumbelaka, Amrozi Amrozi, and Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi. "Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle." Open Veterinary Journal 16.3 (2026), 1716-1724. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Herdis, H., Priyanto, . L., Santoso, . S., Pamungkas, . F. A., Anwar, . R. I., Mahari, . D. A., Lupitasari, . F. B. I., Azizah, . N., Hafid, . A., Amalia, . R., Tumbelaka, . L. I., Amrozi, . A. & Sitaresmi, . P. I. (2026) Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3), 1716-1724. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.29


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