E-ISSN 2218-6050 | ISSN 2226-4485
 
2026, Vol: 16, Issue: 6
16 / 6Current Issue ArchiveAims and ScopeAbstracting & IndexingMost Accessed ArticlesMost Downloaded ArticlesMost Cited Articles
Required files to be uploaded

OVJ Manuscript Submissio Form
Title Page
mainarticle_template

Research Article


Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms

Sutiastuti Wahyuwardani, Sri Suryatmiati Prihandani, Raphaella Widiastuti, Prima Mei Widiyanti, Yessi Anastasia, Eny Martindah, Romsyah Maryam, Susan Maphilindawati Noor, Rini Damayanti, Yulvian Sani, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Eni Siti Rohaeni, Priyono Priyono.


Abstract
Background:
Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a major constraint in peri-urban smallholder dairy production. Inconsistent biosecurity and milking hygiene may increase infection risk and productivity losses.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the association between biosecurity practices (external, internal, and procedural) and SCM prevalence and severity in peri-urban dairy farms in Greater Jakarta (Jakarta, Bogor Regency, Bogor City, and Depok), Indonesia.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 34 eligible smallholder dairy farms from April to June 2025 using structured interviews, direct observations of biosecurity practices, and California Mastitis Test (CMT). Farmlevel SCM severity was defined as moderate (1) if ≥1 tested cow had CMT 2–3 in any quarter, and mild (0) otherwise. Associations were assessed using chi-square tests and binary logistic regression, and model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis (SPSS v26).

Results:
The prevalence of cow-level SCM was 72.9% (105/144; 95% CI: 65.7%–80.2%), ranging from 57.1% in Depok to 90.2% in Bogor City. For farm-level analyses (n = 34), 16 of 34 farms (47.1%) were classified as moderate and 18 of 34 (52.9%) as mild. Procedural biosecurity was significantly associated with SCM severity (mild vs. moderate; χ² = 6.959, p = 0.008), whereas external and internal biosecurity were not (p > 0.05). In the parsimonious logistic regression model, a higher farmer education category was associated with higher odds of moderate SCM [odds ratio (OR) = 1.369, p = 0.027], whereas procedural biosecurity was protective (OR = 0.449, p = 0.011). The final model demonstrated good discrimination (area under the curve = 0.845).

Conclusion:
Procedural biosecurity (milking and hygiene-related practices) was the only biosecurity dimension significantly associated with SCM severity and was protective against moderate SCM in peri-urban smallholder dairy farms in Indonesia. Strengthening cost-effective milking hygiene and targeted farmer training may help reduce the SCM burden in comparable settings.

Key words: Biosecurity; Subclinical mastitis; Dairy cattle; Peri-urban farming; California Mastitis Test.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
HTML Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Sutiastuti Wahyuwardani
Articles by Sri Suryatmiati Prihandani
Articles by Raphaella Widiastuti
Articles by Prima Mei Widiyanti
Articles by Yessi Anastasia
Articles by Eny Martindah
Articles by Romsyah Maryam
Articles by Susan Maphilindawati Noor
Articles by Rini Damayanti
Articles by Yulvian Sani
Articles by Aswin Rafif Khairullah
Articles by Eni Siti Rohaeni
Articles by Priyono Priyono
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Wahyuwardani S, Prihandani SS, Widiastuti R, Widiyanti PM, Anastasia Y, Martindah E, Maryam R, Noor SM, Damayanti R, Sani Y, Khairullah AR, Rohaeni ES, Priyono P. Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(3): 1565-1577. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14

Web Style

Wahyuwardani S, Prihandani SS, Widiastuti R, Widiyanti PM, Anastasia Y, Martindah E, Maryam R, Noor SM, Damayanti R, Sani Y, Khairullah AR, Rohaeni ES, Priyono P. Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=287454 [Access: June 26, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Wahyuwardani S, Prihandani SS, Widiastuti R, Widiyanti PM, Anastasia Y, Martindah E, Maryam R, Noor SM, Damayanti R, Sani Y, Khairullah AR, Rohaeni ES, Priyono P. Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(3): 1565-1577. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Wahyuwardani S, Prihandani SS, Widiastuti R, Widiyanti PM, Anastasia Y, Martindah E, Maryam R, Noor SM, Damayanti R, Sani Y, Khairullah AR, Rohaeni ES, Priyono P. Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited June 26, 2026]; 16(3): 1565-1577. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14


Harvard Style

Wahyuwardani, S., Prihandani, . S. S., Widiastuti, . R., Widiyanti, . P. M., Anastasia, . Y., Martindah, . E., Maryam, . R., Noor, . S. M., Damayanti, . R., Sani, . Y., Khairullah, . A. R., Rohaeni, . E. S. & Priyono, . P. (2026) Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms. Open Vet. J., 16 (3), 1565-1577. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14


Turabian Style

Wahyuwardani, Sutiastuti, Sri Suryatmiati Prihandani, Raphaella Widiastuti, Prima Mei Widiyanti, Yessi Anastasia, Eny Martindah, Romsyah Maryam, Susan Maphilindawati Noor, Rini Damayanti, Yulvian Sani, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Eni Siti Rohaeni, and Priyono Priyono. 2026. Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3), 1565-1577. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14


Chicago Style

Wahyuwardani, Sutiastuti, Sri Suryatmiati Prihandani, Raphaella Widiastuti, Prima Mei Widiyanti, Yessi Anastasia, Eny Martindah, Romsyah Maryam, Susan Maphilindawati Noor, Rini Damayanti, Yulvian Sani, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Eni Siti Rohaeni, and Priyono Priyono. "Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 1565-1577. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Wahyuwardani, Sutiastuti, Sri Suryatmiati Prihandani, Raphaella Widiastuti, Prima Mei Widiyanti, Yessi Anastasia, Eny Martindah, Romsyah Maryam, Susan Maphilindawati Noor, Rini Damayanti, Yulvian Sani, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Eni Siti Rohaeni, and Priyono Priyono. "Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms." Open Veterinary Journal 16.3 (2026), 1565-1577. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Wahyuwardani, S., Prihandani, . S. S., Widiastuti, . R., Widiyanti, . P. M., Anastasia, . Y., Martindah, . E., Maryam, . R., Noor, . S. M., Damayanti, . R., Sani, . Y., Khairullah, . A. R., Rohaeni, . E. S. & Priyono, . P. (2026) Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated biosecurity practices in peri-urban dairy farms. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3), 1565-1577. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.14


Author LoginReviewer LoginAbout PublisherOpen Access PolicyEditorial Review PolicyEditorial & Peer Review ProcessPublication Ethics and Publication Malpractice StatementConflict of Interest PolicyPlagiarism PolicyProtection of Research Participants (Statement On Human And Animal Rights)Corrections, Retractions & Expressions of ConcernDigital Archiving & Preservation PoliciesTerms of UseLicense InformationCopyright Information

About Open Veterinary Journal

Open Veterinary Journal provides high quality peer review process for original research articles, review articles, short communications and case reports i ... Read more.



For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.

Contact Information

All correspondence should be addressed to:

Prof. Ibrahim Eldaghayes

Editor-in-Chief

Open Veterinary Journal

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli

P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya

Email: ibrahim.eldaghayes@vetmed.edu.ly