E-ISSN 2218-6050 | ISSN 2226-4485
 
2025, Vol: 15, Issue: 12
15 / 12Current Issue ArchiveAims and ScopeAbstracting & IndexingMost Accessed ArticlesMost Downloaded ArticlesMost Cited Articles
Required files to be uploaded

OVJ Manuscript Submissio Form
Title Page
mainarticle_template

Research Article


Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram

Aeni Nurlatifah, Kurniawan Dwi Prihantoko, Jean Baptiste Menassol, Herdis Herdis, Erni Damayanti, Athhar Manabi Diansyah, Ismah Ulfiyah Azis, Faheem Ahmed Khan, Mashitah Shikh Maidin, Fatmawati Mustofa, Dela Ayu Lestari.


Abstract
Background:
Reproductive efficiency in Garut rams is essential for livestock productivity. Nutritional interventions such as Azolla pinnata, a protein-rich aquatic fern, may improve sperm quality and fertility, though its specific effects remain insufficiently studied.

Aim:
This study evaluated the impact of Azolla pinnata supplementation on sperm quality, hormonal profiles, and reproductive performance in Garut rams.

Methods:
A 90-day feeding trial was conducted with rams receiving diets containing Azolla pinnata. Semen was analyzed for motility, progressive motility, acrosome integrity, and kinematic variables. Hormonal levels (FSH, LH, testosterone) were measured, and fertility efficiency was assessed using service per conception. Correlation analyses explored relationships among sperm traits and hormones.

Results:
Sperm motility and progressive motility improved significantly after day 60, peaking at days 75 and 90. Acrosome integrity also increased, indicating better sperm functionality. In contrast, distance parameters (DCL, DAP, DSL) showed no significant changes. Hormonal assays revealed marked increases in FSH, LH, and testosterone by day 90, with testosterone positively correlated with sperm motility and integrity. Fertility efficiency improved as service per conception decreased significantly over time.

Conclusion:
Azolla pinnata supplementation enhances sperm motility, acrosome integrity, hormonal balance, and reproductive efficiency in Garut rams. These results highlight its potential as a sustainable dietary strategy to improve fertility outcomes in small ruminants. Further metabolomic and proteomic studies are warranted to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying these reproductive benefits.

Key words: Azolla pinnata; Garut rams; Hormone level; Reproductive performance; Sperm kinematic.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Aeni Nurlatifah
Articles by Kurniawan Dwi Prihantoko
Articles by Jean Baptiste Menassol
Articles by Herdis Herdis
Articles by Erni Damayanti
Articles by Athhar Manabi Diansyah
Articles by Ismah Ulfiyah Azis
Articles by Faheem Ahmed Khan
Articles by Mashitah Shikh Maidin
Articles by Fatmawati Mustofa
Articles by Dela Ayu Lestari
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Nurlatifah A, Prihantoko KD, Menassol JB, Herdis H, Damayanti E, Diansyah AM, Azis IU, Khan FA, Maidin MS, Mustofa F, Lestari DA. Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram. Open Vet. J.. 2025; 15(12): 6697-6708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50

Web Style

Nurlatifah A, Prihantoko KD, Menassol JB, Herdis H, Damayanti E, Diansyah AM, Azis IU, Khan FA, Maidin MS, Mustofa F, Lestari DA. Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=282646 [Access: January 12, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Nurlatifah A, Prihantoko KD, Menassol JB, Herdis H, Damayanti E, Diansyah AM, Azis IU, Khan FA, Maidin MS, Mustofa F, Lestari DA. Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram. Open Vet. J.. 2025; 15(12): 6697-6708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Nurlatifah A, Prihantoko KD, Menassol JB, Herdis H, Damayanti E, Diansyah AM, Azis IU, Khan FA, Maidin MS, Mustofa F, Lestari DA. Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram. Open Vet. J.. (2025), [cited January 12, 2026]; 15(12): 6697-6708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50


Harvard Style

Nurlatifah, A., Prihantoko, . K. D., Menassol, . J. B., Herdis, . H., Damayanti, . E., Diansyah, . A. M., Azis, . I. U., Khan, . F. A., Maidin, . M. S., Mustofa, . F. & Lestari, . D. A. (2025) Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram. Open Vet. J., 15 (12), 6697-6708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50


Turabian Style

Nurlatifah, Aeni, Kurniawan Dwi Prihantoko, Jean Baptiste Menassol, Herdis Herdis, Erni Damayanti, Athhar Manabi Diansyah, Ismah Ulfiyah Azis, Faheem Ahmed Khan, Mashitah Shikh Maidin, Fatmawati Mustofa, and Dela Ayu Lestari. 2025. Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (12), 6697-6708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50


Chicago Style

Nurlatifah, Aeni, Kurniawan Dwi Prihantoko, Jean Baptiste Menassol, Herdis Herdis, Erni Damayanti, Athhar Manabi Diansyah, Ismah Ulfiyah Azis, Faheem Ahmed Khan, Mashitah Shikh Maidin, Fatmawati Mustofa, and Dela Ayu Lestari. "Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram." Open Veterinary Journal 15 (2025), 6697-6708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Nurlatifah, Aeni, Kurniawan Dwi Prihantoko, Jean Baptiste Menassol, Herdis Herdis, Erni Damayanti, Athhar Manabi Diansyah, Ismah Ulfiyah Azis, Faheem Ahmed Khan, Mashitah Shikh Maidin, Fatmawati Mustofa, and Dela Ayu Lestari. "Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram." Open Veterinary Journal 15.12 (2025), 6697-6708. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Nurlatifah, A., Prihantoko, . K. D., Menassol, . J. B., Herdis, . H., Damayanti, . E., Diansyah, . A. M., Azis, . I. U., Khan, . F. A., Maidin, . M. S., Mustofa, . F. & Lestari, . D. A. (2025) Dynamic changes in the sperm quality of Azolla pinnata as a forage alternative to Garut ram. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (12), 6697-6708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.50


Author LoginReviewer LoginAbout PublisherOpen Access PolicyEditorial Review PolicyEditorial & Peer Review ProcessPublication Ethics and Publication Malpractice StatementConflict of Interest PolicyPlagiarism PolicyProtection of Research Participants (Statement On Human And Animal Rights)Corrections, Retractions & Expressions of ConcernDigital Archiving & Preservation PoliciesTerms of UseLicense InformationCopyright Information

About Open Veterinary Journal

Open Veterinary Journal provides a fast track coupled with high quality peer review process for original research articles, review articles, short communi ... Read more.



For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.

Contact Information

All correspondence should be addressed to:

Prof. Ibrahim Eldaghayes: Editor-in-Chief

Open Veterinary Journal

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli

P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya

and


Eldaghayes Publisher

www.eldaghayes.com 

Emails: ibrahim.eldaghayes@vetmed.edu.ly

info@eldaghayes.com