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2025, Vol: 15, Issue: 11
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Review Article


A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art

Hithem Bougherara, Saïd Boukhechem, Amira Leila Dib.


Abstract
Canine osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent, progressive, and debilitating joint disorder characterized by cartilage degradation, synovial inflammation, and subchondral bone remodeling. This multifactorial disease leads to chronic pain and significant impairment of quality of life. As OA remains incurable, therapeutic strategies have shifted toward comprehensive multimodal management aimed at addressing the disease’s complex pathophysiology. This review presents an evidence-based overview of current approaches, including weight management, rehabilitation, pharmacologic therapies (NSAIDs, anti-NGF monoclonal antibodies), disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs), regenerative treatments, and nutraceuticals. This study also highlights practical challenges and future directions, emphasizing individualized treatment plans to optimize outcomes in canine OA.

Key words: Canine osteoarthritis; NSAIDs; Rehabilitation; Nutraceuticals; Regenerative medicine.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Bougherara H, Boukhechem S, Dib AL. A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art. Open Vet. J.. 2025; 15(11): 5461-5465. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3

Web Style

Bougherara H, Boukhechem S, Dib AL. A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=270733 [Access: November 30, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Bougherara H, Boukhechem S, Dib AL. A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art. Open Vet. J.. 2025; 15(11): 5461-5465. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Bougherara H, Boukhechem S, Dib AL. A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art. Open Vet. J.. (2025), [cited November 30, 2025]; 15(11): 5461-5465. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3


Harvard Style

Bougherara, H., Boukhechem, . S. & Dib, . A. L. (2025) A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art. Open Vet. J., 15 (11), 5461-5465. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3


Turabian Style

Bougherara, Hithem, Saïd Boukhechem, and Amira Leila Dib. 2025. A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (11), 5461-5465. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3


Chicago Style

Bougherara, Hithem, Saïd Boukhechem, and Amira Leila Dib. "A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art." Open Veterinary Journal 15 (2025), 5461-5465. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Bougherara, Hithem, Saïd Boukhechem, and Amira Leila Dib. "A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art." Open Veterinary Journal 15.11 (2025), 5461-5465. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Bougherara, H., Boukhechem, . S. & Dib, . A. L. (2025) A multimodal approach to canine osteoarthritis management: A state-of-the-art. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (11), 5461-5465. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i11.3


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