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Research Article


Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats

Noran Ibrahim Salah, Reda M. Abd El-aziz, Sameh Elnabtity, Wageh Sobhy Darwish.


Abstract
Background:
Methotrexate is a chemotherapy drug that is used despite having several toxic effects. Spirulina is commonly consumed as a food supplement because of its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and other beneficial effects.

Aim:
The present study was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of MTX on male sex hormones and subsequently its effects on oxidant/antioxidant status. The ameliorative effects of spirulina against such MTX-induced adverse effects were also evaluated.

Methods:
Forty male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, spirulina, MTX, and MTX + spirulina groups. The levels of testosterone (free and total), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin hormone were evaluated as biochemical markers of MTX-induced infertility. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were assayed in liver tissue as oxidative stress markers.

Results:
The results obtained from the current study showed that Spirulina improved the adverse effects of MTX on testosterone (free and total), LH, FSH, MDA, and TAC.

Conclusions:
The current study indicated that spirulina can be used to ameliorate MTX-induced adverse effects on male infertility and oxidative stress.

Key words: Methotrexate, Spirulina, Infertility, Oxidative stress


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Salah NI, El-aziz RMA, Elnabtity S, Darwish WS. Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats. Open Vet J. 2025; 15(6): 2532-2539. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25

Web Style

Salah NI, El-aziz RMA, Elnabtity S, Darwish WS. Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=267987 [Access: July 19, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Salah NI, El-aziz RMA, Elnabtity S, Darwish WS. Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats. Open Vet J. 2025; 15(6): 2532-2539. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Salah NI, El-aziz RMA, Elnabtity S, Darwish WS. Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats. Open Vet J. (2025), [cited July 19, 2025]; 15(6): 2532-2539. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25


Harvard Style

Salah, N. I., El-aziz, . R. M. A., Elnabtity, . S. & Darwish, . W. S. (2025) Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats. Open Vet J, 15 (6), 2532-2539. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25


Turabian Style

Salah, Noran Ibrahim, Reda M. Abd El-aziz, Sameh Elnabtity, and Wageh Sobhy Darwish. 2025. Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (6), 2532-2539. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25


Chicago Style

Salah, Noran Ibrahim, Reda M. Abd El-aziz, Sameh Elnabtity, and Wageh Sobhy Darwish. "Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats." Open Veterinary Journal 15 (2025), 2532-2539. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Salah, Noran Ibrahim, Reda M. Abd El-aziz, Sameh Elnabtity, and Wageh Sobhy Darwish. "Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats." Open Veterinary Journal 15.6 (2025), 2532-2539. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Salah, N. I., El-aziz, . R. M. A., Elnabtity, . S. & Darwish, . W. S. (2025) Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (6), 2532-2539. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.25


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