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Research Article 


Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract

Maha Abdul-hadi Abdul-rida Al-abdula, Eman Faisal Albghdady, Iman Ibrahim Al Hachem, Abdulrazzaq Baqer, Hazem Almhanna.


Abstract
Background: Formalin can be very detrimental to the health of quail respiratory tract.
Aim: This investigation pioneered the examination of formalin gas's detrimental impact on the gene expression of tumor protein TP53 within the quail respiratory system.
Methods: In this study, three groups were exposed twice-daily two-hour to formalin gas for 30 days, while a control group was without formalin exposure. Sample tissue were Animals were from lung, trachea, and blood samples for intervals (10, 20, and 30 days), for gene expression, histological, and biochemical analyses.
Results: Our findings have been shown significant disturbances in liver and kidney function, alongside pronounced pathological alterations in the lungs and trachea, characterized by acute pneumonia. Particularly, 5% formalin gas exposure consistently prompted an increase upregulation of TP53 gene expression in both lung and tracheal tissues over the exposure period of formalin.
Conclusion: So, these outcomes are strongly suggested that TP53 may indicate as a valuable biomarker for assessing formalin gas exposure in both humans and mammals. Also, the results highlight the significant influence of 5% formalin gas on TP53 gene expression within the respiratory system of quails, with a clear dependence on the length of exposure. Consequently, this study confirms that the potential of evidence that TP53 gene expression as biomarker for assessing the carcinogenic risks which might be associated with formalin gas exposure in both human and animals.

Key words: Quail, Formalin, Gene Expression TP53, Respiratory System


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Al-abdula MAA, Albghdady EF, Hachem IIA, Baqer A, Almhanna H. Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract. Open Vet J. 2025; 15(7): 3124-3135. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24

Web Style

Al-abdula MAA, Albghdady EF, Hachem IIA, Baqer A, Almhanna H. Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=241524 [Access: August 03, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Al-abdula MAA, Albghdady EF, Hachem IIA, Baqer A, Almhanna H. Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract. Open Vet J. 2025; 15(7): 3124-3135. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Al-abdula MAA, Albghdady EF, Hachem IIA, Baqer A, Almhanna H. Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract. Open Vet J. (2025), [cited August 03, 2025]; 15(7): 3124-3135. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24


Harvard Style

Al-abdula, M. A. A., Albghdady, . E. F., Hachem, . I. I. A., Baqer, . A. & Almhanna, . H. (2025) Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract. Open Vet J, 15 (7), 3124-3135. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24


Turabian Style

Al-abdula, Maha Abdul-hadi Abdul-rida, Eman Faisal Albghdady, Iman Ibrahim Al Hachem, Abdulrazzaq Baqer, and Hazem Almhanna. 2025. Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (7), 3124-3135. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24


Chicago Style

Al-abdula, Maha Abdul-hadi Abdul-rida, Eman Faisal Albghdady, Iman Ibrahim Al Hachem, Abdulrazzaq Baqer, and Hazem Almhanna. "Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract." Open Veterinary Journal 15 (2025), 3124-3135. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Al-abdula, Maha Abdul-hadi Abdul-rida, Eman Faisal Albghdady, Iman Ibrahim Al Hachem, Abdulrazzaq Baqer, and Hazem Almhanna. "Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract." Open Veterinary Journal 15.7 (2025), 3124-3135. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Al-abdula, M. A. A., Albghdady, . E. F., Hachem, . I. I. A., Baqer, . A. & Almhanna, . H. (2025) Investigation of Formalin Gas-Induced Alterations in TP53 Gene Expression in the Quail Respiratory Tract. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (7), 3124-3135. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i7.24


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